python之PyQt按钮右键菜单功能的实现代码
(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/11/14 浏览：2)
实现效果如下图：
这篇文字主要写了两方面的内容：
第一是按钮的自定义，第二是右键菜单的使用，不仅是按钮的右键菜单，其他一些控件的右键菜单也可以类似创建和使用。
关于右键菜单则是QMenu的一些使用方法有：
样式表的使用：
self.setStyleSheet("QMenu{background:purple;}"
"QMenu{border:1px solid lightgray;}"
"QMenu{border-color:green;}"
"QMenu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 20px;}"
"QMenu::item{height:30px;}"
"QMenu::item{color:blue;}"
"QMenu::item{background:white;}"
"QMenu::item{margin:1px 0px 0px 0px;}"
"QMenu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}"
"QMenu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}"
"QMenu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}"
"QMenu::separator{height:50px;}"
"QMenu::separator{width:1px;}"
"QMenu::separator{background:white;}"
"QMenu::separator{margin:1px 1px 1px 1px;}"
"QMenu#menu{background:white;}"
"QMenu#menu{border:1px solid lightgray;}"
"QMenu#menu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 30px;}"
"QMenu#menu::item{height:25px;}"
"QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}"
"QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}"
"QMenu#menu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}"
"QMenu#menu::separator{height:1px;}"
"QMenu#menu::separator{background:lightgray;}"
"QMenu#menu::separator{margin:2px 0px 2px 0px;}"
"QMenu#menu::indicator {padding:10px;}"
)
右键菜单的创建和菜单的信号槽：
def createContextMenu(self):
'''''
创建右键菜单
'''
# 必须将ContextMenuPolicy设置为Qt.CustomContextMenu
# 否则无法使用customContextMenuRequested信号
self.setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.CustomContextMenu)
self.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.showContextMenu)
# 创建QMenu
self.contextMenu = QMenu(self)
self.actionA = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作A')
self.actionB = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作B')
self.actionC = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作C')
#添加二级菜单
self.second = self.contextMenu.addMenu(QIcon("images/0.png"),u"| 二级菜单")
self.actionD = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作A')
self.actionE = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作B')
self.actionF = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作C')
# 将动作与处理函数相关联
# 这里为了简单，将所有action与同一个处理函数相关联，
# 当然也可以将他们分别与不同函数关联，实现不同的功能
self.actionA.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionB.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionC.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionD.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionE.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionF.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
菜单的显示位置：
self.contextMenu.exec_(QCursor.pos()) #在鼠标位置显示
关于按钮的自定义，则包括了一些事件的重新定义和对按钮的ui界面的重新设计和绘制，就不一一列举了。
下面是一个demo包括了按钮的自定义，右键菜单的创建和使用，包括两个文件，图片可以随便找一个，不要过大或者过小就行：
mybutton.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PyQt4.QtCore import Qt, QRect
from PyQt4.QtGui import QPushButton, QPainter, QPainterPath, QPen, QColor, QPixmap, QIcon, QBrush, QCursor,QMenu
class MenuButton(QPushButton):
def __init__(self,parent = None):
super(MenuButton,self).__init__(parent)
self.setStyleSheet("QMenu{background:purple;}"
"QMenu{border:1px solid lightgray;}"
"QMenu{border-color:green;}"
"QMenu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 20px;}"
"QMenu::item{height:30px;}"
"QMenu::item{color:blue;}"
"QMenu::item{background:white;}"
"QMenu::item{margin:1px 0px 0px 0px;}"
"QMenu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}"
"QMenu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}"
"QMenu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}"
"QMenu::separator{height:50px;}"
"QMenu::separator{width:1px;}"
"QMenu::separator{background:white;}"
"QMenu::separator{margin:1px 1px 1px 1px;}"
"QMenu#menu{background:white;}"
"QMenu#menu{border:1px solid lightgray;}"
"QMenu#menu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 30px;}"
"QMenu#menu::item{height:25px;}"
"QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}"
"QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}"
"QMenu#menu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}"
"QMenu#menu::separator{height:1px;}"
"QMenu#menu::separator{background:lightgray;}"
"QMenu#menu::separator{margin:2px 0px 2px 0px;}"
"QMenu#menu::indicator {padding:10px;}"
)
self.hovered = False
self.pressed = False
self.pressedIcon = QIcon()
self.color = QColor(Qt.gray)
self.opacity = 1.0
self.count = 0
# self.setAutoFillBackground(True)
# self.setStyleSheet("#Check {background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);}");
self.createContextMenu()
self.count = 0
def createContextMenu(self):
'''''
创建右键菜单
'''
# 必须将ContextMenuPolicy设置为Qt.CustomContextMenu
# 否则无法使用customContextMenuRequested信号
self.setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.CustomContextMenu)
self.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.showContextMenu)
# 创建QMenu
self.contextMenu = QMenu(self)
self.actionA = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作A')
self.actionB = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作B')
self.actionC = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作C')
#添加二级菜单
self.second = self.contextMenu.addMenu(QIcon("images/0.png"),u"| 二级菜单")
self.actionD = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作A')
self.actionE = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作B')
self.actionF = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作C')
# 将动作与处理函数相关联
# 这里为了简单，将所有action与同一个处理函数相关联，
# 当然也可以将他们分别与不同函数关联，实现不同的功能
self.actionA.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionB.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionC.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionD.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionE.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
self.actionF.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler)
def showContextMenu(self, pos):
'''''
右键点击时调用的函数
'''
self.count+=1
# 菜单显示前，将它移动到鼠标点击的位置
self.contextMenu.exec_(QCursor.pos()) #在鼠标位置显示
#self.contextMenu.show()
print self.count
def actionHandler(self):
'''''
菜单中的具体action调用的函数
'''
if self.count%3==1:
self.setText(u"first")
elif self.count%3==2:
self.setText(u"second")
elif self.count%3==0:
self.setText(u"third")
def setEnterCursorType(self, Type):
self.cursorType = Type
def setColor(self,color):
self.color = color
def setOpacitys(self,opacity):
self.opacity = opacity
# self.setOpacity(0.5)
def enterEvent(self,event):
self.hovered = True
self.repaint()
QPushButton.enterEvent(self,event)
def leaveEvent(self,event):
self.hovered = False
self.repaint()
self.setCursor(QCursor(Qt.ArrowCursor))
QPushButton.leaveEvent(self,event)
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
self.pressed = True
self.repaint()
QPushButton.mousePressEvent(self,event)
def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):
self.pressed = False
self.repaint()
QPushButton.mouseReleaseEvent(self,event)
def paintEvent(self,event):
painter = QPainter(self)
btnRect = self.geometry()
iconRect = self.iconSize()
color = QColor(Qt.black)
if self.hovered:
color = self.color
if self.pressed:
color = self.color.darker(120)
painter.setPen(QPen(QColor(Qt.lightGray),2))
outline = QPainterPath()
outline.addRoundedRect(0, 0, btnRect.width(), btnRect.height(), 0, 0)
painter.setOpacity(1)
painter.drawPath(outline)
painter.setBrush(QBrush(color))
painter.setOpacity(self.opacity)
painter_path = QPainterPath()
painter_path.addRoundedRect(1, 1, btnRect.width() - 2, btnRect.height() - 2, 0, 0)
if self.hovered:
painter.setClipPath(painter_path)
painter.drawRoundedRect(1, 1, btnRect.width() - 2, btnRect.height() - 2, 0, 0)
painter.setOpacity(1)
iconPos,textPos = self.calIconTextPos(btnRect, iconRect)
# 重画文本
if not self.text().isNull():
painter.setFont(self.font())
painter.setPen(QPen(QColor(Qt.black),2))
painter.drawText(textPos.x(), textPos.y(), textPos.width(), textPos.height(), Qt.AlignCenter, self.text())
# 重画图标
if not self.icon().isNull():
painter.drawPixmap(iconPos, QPixmap(self.icon().pixmap(self.iconSize())))
# 计算图标和文本大小位置
def calIconTextPos(self,btnSize,iconSize):
if self.text().isNull():
iconWidth = iconSize.width()*3/5
iconHeight = iconSize.height()*3/5
else:
iconWidth = iconSize.width()
iconHeight = iconSize.height() - 50
iconX = (btnSize.width()-iconWidth)/2
iconY = (btnSize.height()-iconHeight)/2
iconPos = QRect()
iconPos.setX(iconX)
iconPos.setY(iconY)
iconPos.setWidth(iconWidth)
iconPos.setHeight(iconHeight)
textPos = QRect()
if not self.text().isNull():
textPos.setX(iconX)
textPos.setY(btnSize.height()- 50)
textPos.setWidth(iconWidth)
textPos.setHeight(50)
return (iconPos,textPos)
1
buttontest.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from mybutton import MenuButton
import sys
from PyQt4.QtCore import QTextCodec, QSize, SIGNAL
from PyQt4.QtGui import QDialog, QIcon, QHBoxLayout, QApplication
QTextCodec.setCodecForTr(QTextCodec.codecForName("utf8"))
class TestDialog(QDialog):
def __init__(self,parent=None):
super(TestDialog,self).__init__(parent)
self.setFixedSize(200,200)
self.firMybutton = MenuButton()
self.firMybutton.setFixedSize(QSize(100,100))
self.firMybutton.setIcon(QIcon("windows.png"))
self.firMybutton.setIconSize(QSize(100,100))
#self.firMybutton.setText(self.tr("确萨"))
self.connect(self.firMybutton, SIGNAL("clicked()"),self.cancel)
myLayout = QHBoxLayout()
myLayout.addWidget(self.firMybutton)
self.setLayout(myLayout)
def cancel(self):
self.close()
app=QApplication(sys.argv)
dialog=TestDialog()
dialog.show()
app.exec_()
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的python之PyQt按钮右键菜单功能的实现代码，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问欢迎给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的！