python爬虫开发之使用Python爬虫库requests多线程抓取猫眼电影TOP100实例
(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/9/24 浏览：2)
使用Python爬虫库requests多线程抓取猫眼电影TOP100思路：
- 查看网页源代码
- 抓取单页内容
- 正则表达式提取信息
- 猫眼TOP100所有信息写入文件
- 多线程抓取
- 运行平台：windows
- Python版本：Python 3.7.
- IDE:Sublime Text
- 浏览器：Chrome浏览器
1.查看猫眼电影TOP100网页原代码
按F12查看网页源代码发现每一个电影的信息都在“<dd></dd>”标签之中。
点开之后，信息如下：
2.抓取单页内容
在浏览器中打开猫眼电影网站，点击“榜单”，再点击“TOP100榜”如下图：
接下来通过以下代码获取网页源代码：
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
#猫眼电影网站有反爬虫措施，设置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
#爬取网页源代码
def get_one_page(url,headers):
try:
response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
if response.status_code == 200:
return response.text
return None
except RequestsException:
return None
def main():
url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4"
html = get_one_page(url,headers)
print(html)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
执行结果如下：
3.正则表达式提取信息
上图标示信息即为要提取的信息，代码实现如下：
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
import re
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
#猫眼电影网站有反爬虫措施，设置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
#爬取网页源代码
def get_one_page(url,headers):
try:
response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
if response.status_code == 200:
return response.text
return None
except RequestsException:
return None
#正则表达式提取信息
def parse_one_page(html):
pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*"(.*".*"><a'
+'.*?>(.*">(.*">(.*">(.*">(.*"https://maoyan.com/board/4"
html = get_one_page(url,headers)
for item in parse_one_page(html):
print(item)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
执行结果如下：
4.猫眼TOP100所有信息写入文件
上边代码实现单页的信息抓取，要想爬取100个电影的信息，先观察每一页url的变化，点开每一页我们会发现url进行变化，原url后面多了‘？offset=0',且offset的值变化从0,10,20，变化如下：
代码实现如下：
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
import re
import json
import os
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
#猫眼电影网站有反爬虫措施，设置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
#爬取网页源代码
def get_one_page(url,headers):
try:
response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
if response.status_code == 200:
return response.text
return None
except RequestsException:
return None
#正则表达式提取信息
def parse_one_page(html):
pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*"(.*".*"><a'
+'.*?>(.*">(.*">(.*">(.*">(.*"https://maoyan.com/board/4"+str(offset)
html = get_one_page(url,headers)
if not os.path.exists('covers'):
os.mkdir('covers')
for item in parse_one_page(html):
print(item)
write_to_file(item)
save_image_file(item['image'],'covers/'+item['title']+'.jpg')
if __name__ == '__main__':
#对每一页信息进行爬取
for i in range(10):
main(i*10)
爬取结果如下：
5.多线程抓取
进行比较，发现多线程爬取时间明显较快：
多线程：
以下为完整代码：
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
import re
import json
import os
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
from multiprocessing import Pool
#猫眼电影网站有反爬虫措施，设置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
#爬取网页源代码
def get_one_page(url,headers):
try:
response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
if response.status_code == 200:
return response.text
return None
except RequestsException:
return None
#正则表达式提取信息
def parse_one_page(html):
pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*"(.*".*"><a'
+'.*?>(.*">(.*">(.*">(.*">(.*"https://maoyan.com/board/4"+str(offset)
html = get_one_page(url,headers)
if not os.path.exists('covers'):
os.mkdir('covers')
for item in parse_one_page(html):
print(item)
write_to_file(item)
save_image_file(item['image'],'covers/'+item['title']+'.jpg')
if __name__ == '__main__':
#对每一页信息进行爬取
pool = Pool()
pool.map(main,[i*10 for i in range(10)])
pool.close()
pool.join()
本文主要讲解了使用Python爬虫库requests多线程抓取猫眼电影TOP100数据的实例,更多关于Python爬虫库的知识请查看下面的相关链接